Under Hughes, who took charge in the summer, Newport won only three of 16 League Two games.
The loss to Shrewsbury saw the slip to four points adrift of safety, prompting Hughes’ exit.
Fuchs, who won 78 caps for Austria, will begin his first managerial role with a trip to Oldham Athletic on Saturday.
The former left-back announced his retirement from playing in January 2023, having finished his career with Charlotte FC.
